Принцип функционирования штатного турбонаддува на Subaru
Материал из SubaruWiki
Эта статья посвящена описанию базовых принципов турбонаддува у автомобилей марки Subaru. Хотите знать как работает турбина или как устроен турбокомпрессор, читайте дальше.
Механическая часть
Турбина (Turbo) - воздушный компрессор, вращаемый выхлопными газами, который состоит из четырех базовых компонентов. Компрессорная часть турбины состоит из комрессорного хаузинга (compressor housing) и компрессорного колеса (compressor wheel).
An exhaust driven air compressor which consists of four basic sections or components. The compressor section consists of the compressor housing and the compressor wheel. This section acts as the inlet or intake for the turbo, compressing the intake charge and generating relative pressure (boost). Generally speaking the inlet is always in a vacuum, sucking air in and the outlet is pressurized with the intake charge. Next is the center section which contains the bearings, shaft, and the oil and anti-freeze passage ways; the compressor and turbine wheels are also attached to the shaft in this section. The third section is the turbine section which consists of the turbine wheel and turbine housing. This section also contains a machined by-pass for the wastegate valve to seat against. The last component of a turbo charger is the wastegate valve and wastegate actuator which control the wastegate valve’s movement. We highly recommend that you use a turbocharger center section which is both oil and water cooled; turbocharger longevity is compromised when only oil is used to cool the turbocharger center housing.
Wastegate Actuator - A spring/diaphragm based mechanism which controls the movement of the wastegate valve. A turbo wastegate is normally closed, forced shut by a compressed spring inside the actuator canister. As pressure is applied to the nipple of the canister, the wastegate shaft moves away from the actuator, swinging open the wastegate valve.
Wastegate Solenoid Valve - An electromagnetic solenoid which controls the air flow from the wastegate actuator to the turbo inlet. This device is normally closed when no voltage is applied. When 12V direct current (DC) voltage is applied, by the drivers in the electronic control module (ECM), to the wastegate solenoid valve, it fully opens allowing air to pass through the device. A 0% Wastegate Duty Cycle (WGDC) setting will allow the solenoid to stay fully closed; which will force the turbo to run mechanical boost pressure. A 100% WGDC setting will force the solenoid to stay fully open; which will force the turbo to run maximum boost pressure.
Vacuum Lines - Rubberized or silicone tubes attached to various components in the engine assembly. For this article we will be concerned with the six attachment points and the four sections of vacuum line plumbing and adapters which we will cover in Chapter 2.
Restrictor Pill - A small pill made of brass which contains a precision machined lengthwise hole in the center.
ECU - Also known as an ECM, PCM, EEC, EMS. The Engine Control Unit contains the processors, drivers, and logic which are calibrated to control the relative pressure (boost) via wastegate solenoid duty cycle.
См. также
Источник
- На английском языке: http://www.cobbtuning.com/info/?ID=3482
